مدل و ساخت کابل usb واقعی با Maya and Mental Ray / زبان اصلی

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Model and Texture a Photorealistic USB Cable with Maya and Mental Ray: Part 1

In this tutorial you will go through the process of modeling and rendering a Photorealistic USB cable in Autodesk Maya. You will also learn to use Mental Ray, along with the new architectural materials, rendering layers, and Photoshop, to create a fast, accurate, and photorealistic depth of field.This is part 1 of the tutorial: the modeling process.​

[h=2]Step 1

Create a primitive cube and scale it to match the size of a USB.​

[h=2]Step 2

Under the “Polygons” menu, go to the “Edit Mesh > Insert Edge Loop Tool".​

[h=2]Step 3

Create 2 edge loops.​

[h=2]Step 4

Select 8 vertexes from the end of the geometry, and with the scale and move tools, modify the geometry to match the basic shape of a USB.​

[h=2]Step 5

This is how it should look (depending on the type of USB cable you are trying model).​

[h=2]Step 6

Select the front face of the USB.​

[h=2]Step 7

With that same face still selected, go to “Edit Mesh > Extrude”, and create an inner face.

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[h=2]Step 8

Once again, go to “Edit Mesh > Extrude”, and extrude the face inward a bit.​

[h=2]Step 9

Go to “Edit Mesh > Insert Edge Loop Tool", and add some edges, to create a new face on the top of the USB.​

[h=2]Step 10

Select the new face, then go to “Edit Mesh > Extrude”, and extrude the face slightly inward.​

[h=2]Step 11

Go to “Edit Mesh > Insert Edge Loop Tool”, and create 16 edges on the side of the USB.​

[h=2]Step 12

Select 16 faces from the 32 you just created (every other one).​

[h=2]Step 13

With those faces selected, go to “Edit Mesh > Extrude”, and extrude the faces inward as shown.​

[h=2]Step 14

Scale the shape of the faces to make them smaller on the vertical axis.​

[h=2]Step 15

This is how it should look on both sides.​

[h=2]Step 16

Go to “Edit Mesh > Insert Edge Loop Tool”, and create 2 edges on the sides of the USB. If you get a problem like the one in the image, just go to the next step.​

[h=2]Step 17

Go to “Edit Mesh > Split Polygon Tool”, click on the beginning of the line you want to create, and once again at the end. Do this for both edges, and for both sides of the USB.​

[h=2]Step 18

Select all of the small faces that you just created on the sides of the USB, then go to “Edit Mesh > Extrude”, and extrude those faces inward.​

 

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[h=2]Step 19

You should have something that looks like this.​

[h=2]Step 20

Go to “Edit Mesh > Split Polygon Tool”, and to “Edit Mesh > Insert Edge Loop Tool”. Using both tools as necessary, create edges at every hard angle change of the USB (use the images as reference).


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[h=2]Step 21

When you are finished, select the USB object and simply press number 3 on your keyboard to smooth it. Then just sit back and watch how nice the smoothed USB looks.​

[h=2]Step 22

Now, create a primitive cube, position it, and scale it to fit inside the USB.​

[h=2]Step 23

Go to “Edit Mesh > Extrude”, and extrude the front face of the metal connector.​

[h=2]Step 24

Once again, go to “Edit Mesh > Extrude”, and extrude the face inward.​

[h=2]Step 25

Go to “Edit Mesh > Insert Edge Loop tool”, and create 2 edge loops through the middle of metal connector.​

[h=2]Step 26

Select the small faces you just created, then go to “Edit Mesh > Extrude”, and extrude them slightly inward.​

[h=2]Step 27

Go to “Edit Mesh > Insert Edge Loop tool”, and create some new edges to make 2 faces at the top of the connector.​

[h=2]Step 28

Go to “Edit Mesh > Extrude”, and extrude the 2 faces inward.​

[h=2]Step 29

Select the 2 faces and delete them to create 2 holes.​

 

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[h=2]Step 30

Now you are going to use a different method to smooth the object (this method can only be used with simple geometry).Go to “Edit Mesh > Bevel”, set the 'Width' to '0.6' (this will depend on how smooth you want the object to be, and also the size of the object). Also, set the 'Segments' to 1, the 'Offset type' to 'Fractional', the 'Offset space' to 'World', and the 'UV assignment' to 'Planar project per face'.​

[h=2]Step 31

Now simply press number 3, and you should see some nice edges.​

[h=2]Step 32

Make a primitive cube, and fit it inside the metal connector.​

[h=2]Step 33

Go to “Edit Mesh > Bevel”, to smooth the cube.​

[h=2]Step 34

Go to the “Create > EP Curve Tool”, and set the 'Curve degree' to '3 cubic' (this will create a nice curve).​

[h=2]Step 35

Draw the cable as shown.​

[h=2]Step 36

Select the control vertexes of the curve and adjust them to your liking.​

[h=2]Step 37

This is how my curve looks, but you can make yours any way you like.​

[h=2]Step 38

Make a primitive cylinder, and scale the diameter to match your cable.​

[h=2]Step 39

Move the cylinder to the end of the curve.​

[h=2]Step 40

Scale the cylinder to match the length of the cable.​

 

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[h=2]Step 41

Increase the 'Subdivisions Height' to at least 300.​

[h=2]Step 42

Select the cylinder, press “shift”, and then select the curve (the order in which you select the objects is very important).Now, with the objects selected, go to “Animate > Motion Path > Attach to Motion Path" (in the “Animation” menu).​

[h=2]Step 43

Move the time line to check if the object is moving properly.​

[h=2]Step 44

Now we need to make the cylinder distort around the curve.So, with the cylinder selected, go to “Animate > Motion Paths > Flow Path Object”.​

[h=2]Step 45

With the deformer you just created selected, change the 'T Divisions' to '400', and the cylinder should be following the curve smoothly.​

[h=2]Step 46

To hide the deformers, go to “Show > Deformers” in the little menu on top of perspective view.​

[h=2]Step 47

Now create a primitive plane for the floor.​

[h=2]Step 48

To attach the cable to the USB, just create a primitive cylinder, and position it as shown.​

[h=2]Step 49

In the “Polygons” menu, go to “Edit Mesh > Insert Edge Loop Tool”, and make some edges around the cylinder.​

[h=2]Step 50

Select the faces that you want to extrude, then go to “Edit Mesh > Extrude”, and extrude them inward.​

 

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[h=2]Step 51

Create a primitive cylinder (this will be the thick portion of the cable).​

[h=2]Step 52

Change the “Subdivisions Axis” to '50'.​

[h=2]Step 53

Go to “Edit Mesh > Insert Edge Loop Tool”, and insert to 4 edges (2 on each side).​

[h=2]Step 54

Select the vertexes at the end of the cylinder and scale them.​

[h=2]Step 55

Do the same for the opposite side.​

[h=2]Step 56

Go to “Edit Mesh > Insert Edge Loop tool”, and insert some edges at the hard angles of the cylinder.​

[h=2]Step 57

Make sure it's the same for both sides.​

[h=2]Step 58

Create small cylinders and position them were you want the holes to be.​

[h=2]Step 59

Select the 4 cylinders, and go to “Mesh > Combine”.​

[h=2]Step 60

Now you need to create some geometry for the holes (this is very important, because if you don´t do it, the hole could have some errors).​

[h=2]Step 61

Select the big cylinder, press “shift”, and then select the small cylinders. Go to “Mesh > Booleans > Difference”.​

 

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Step 62

This is how it should look (little holes without glitches). If you do get any problems, just move the edges around until they disappear.​

Step 63

Now position the cylinder where you want it to be.​

Step 64

Select the front faces from both sides.​

Step 65

Go to “Edit Mesh > Extrude”, and extrude the faces to make a smaller circle.​

Step 66

Select the new faces, go to “Edit Mesh > Extrude” and extrude them inward.​

Step 67

This is how it should look (I have hidden the floor so you can see the results better).​

Step 68

For the background, I used a cloth included in a tutorial from the “Digital Tutors” series. You can check it out here:


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In this tutorial you will go through the process of modeling and rendering a Photorealistic USB cable in Autodesk Maya. You will also learn to use Mental Ray, along with the new architectural materials, rendering layers, and Photoshop, to create a fast, accurate, and photorealistic depth of field.​

[h=2]Step 1

This is where we left off at the end of Day 1.​

[h=2]Step 2

Go to “Window > Rendering Editors > Hypershade”.​

[h=2]Step 3

Go to “Window > Settings/Preferences > Plug-in Manager”, and locate “Mayatomr.mll". Check off both "Loaded", and "Auto Load" (do this step only if mental ray is not already loaded).​

[h=2]Step 4

With the “Hypershade” window open, change the type of nodes from Maya to Mental Ray, and create a new “mia_material_x”​

[h=2]Step 5

Go to the attribute editor for the new material, name the material, and adjust the attributes as shown.​

[h=2]Step 6

Scroll down to the "Bump" selection, click on the little check board square at the right of "Standard Bump" (this will open a new window). Now scroll to the "3D Textures", and select “Rock”.​

[h=2]Step 7

With the “Bump” attribute editor open, change the “Bump Depth” to '0.062', and click on the door at the right of “Bump Value”.​

[h=2]Step 8

Change “Color 1” to a white grey.​

[h=2]Step 9

In the “Hypershade” editor, create 3 “mia_material_x” materials.​

[h=2]Step 10

Open the attribute editor of one of those materials, name it "mia_cable", and adjust the attributes as shown.​

 

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[h=2]Step 11

Scroll down to the bump section, click on the check board square next to "Overall bump" (this will open a new window), scroll down to 3D textures and select "Brownian".​

[h=2]Step 12

With the "Bump" attribute editor opened, change “Bump Depth” to "0.372", and click on the little door next to “Bump Value”.​

[h=2]Step 13

Name the texture "brownian_cable" and modify the settings as shown.​

[h=2]Step 14

Open the attribute editor for another one of the “mia_material_x” materials, name the material "mia_MetalConnector", and adjust the attributes as shown.​

[h=2]Step 15

Don´t forget to check the “Metal Material” option, at the bottom of the "Reflection" section.​

[h=2]Step 16

Scroll down, open the “Anisotropy” section, and change the “Anisotropy” value to "0.100".​

[h=2]Step 17

Open the last “mia_material_x” material, name it "mia_whitePlastic", and adjust the attributes as shown.​

[h=2]Step 18

Now assign every material to corresponding polygons in the scene. This is how it should look.​

[h=2]Step 19

Select the white box inside of the metal connector, and go to “Window > UV Texture Editor”.​

[h=2]Step 20

Go to “Create UV´s > Planar Mapping”.​

[h=2]Step 21

 

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[h=2]Step 21

With the top view active, scale the mapping so it only covers the 2 holes on the metal connector.​

[h=2]Step 22

With the “UV Texture Editor” open, go to “Polygons > UV Snapshot” (this will open a new window).​

[h=2]Step 23

Modify the settings as shown.​

[h=2]Step 24

Open up the UV snapshot file you just saved in Photoshop.​

[h=2]Step 25

Make a White layer.​

[h=2]Step 26

Add some dirt to the image and save it out.​

[h=2]Step 27

Open the attribute editor for the white material, click on the little check board square next to color, and in the new window, click on “File”.​

[h=2]Step 28

Select the image you made with Photoshop, and change the “Filter Type” to off.​

[h=2]Step 29

Go to “Create > Lights > Area Light”, and create 2 lights.​

[h=2]Step 30

Position the lights as shown.​

 

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[h=2]Step 31

Open the light attribute editor and change the “Intensity” to "0.744".​

[h=2]Step 32

Scroll down to the “Shadows” section, check the “Use Ray Trace Shadows” option, and change “Shadow Rays” to "30".​

[h=2]Step 33

Make the same adjustments for the other light.​

[h=2]Step 34

Go to “Create > Cameras > Camera”.​

[h=2]Step 35

In the little menu on top of the perspective view, go to “Panels > Perspective > Camera”.​

[h=2]Step 36

Move the camera to a good position.​

[h=2]Step 37

Open the “Rendering Settings”, and change “Render Using” to "Mental Ray".​

[h=2]Step 38

Go to the “Quality” tab, and adjust the settings as shown.​

[h=2]Step 39

Go to the “Indirect Lighting” tab and activate “Final Gathering”.​

[h=2]Step 40

Go to the “Common” tab, change “Renderable camera” to your main camera, and the image size to "720P".​

[h=2]Step 41

Now render the scene. As you can see, we are only missing the depth of field.​

 

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[h=2]Step 42

Go to the "Rendering" layers editor, create a new layer named “Depth of Field”, and add all the objects in the scene to it.​

[h=2]Step 43

With the new render layer selected, go to the camera attributes, scroll down to “Depth of Field”, right click the option, and select “Create Layer Override” (the words should change to orange).​

[h=2]Step 44

Adjust the settings of the depth of field as shown.​

[h=2]Step 45

Go to the "Depth of Field Tab", click on "Presets", and select "Luminance" map (everything should turn black).​

[h=2]Step 46

This is how the scene should look.​

[h=2]Step 47

Render the layer. Now we have depth of field information for Photoshop.​

[h=2]Step 48

In the “Render View” menu, go to “File > Save Image” and save the image.​

[h=2]Step 49

Now render the master layer, and save the image.​

[h=2]Step 50

Open Photoshop, make 2 layers (1 with the USB, and the other with the depth of field information). Select the depth of field layer and copy it.​

[h=2]Step 51

With the “Channels” tab active, create a new channel, and go to “Edit > Paste”.​

 

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[h=2]Step 52

Hide the depth of field layer, and select the USB layer.​

[h=2]Step 53

Go to “Filter > Blur > Lens Blur” (this will open a new window).​

[h=2]Step 54

Change the source to “Alpha 1”, and adjust the other settings to match you preferences. Click on OK.​

[h=2]Final Result

Now save the image and you are done!!!​