اموزش کامل Access 2010-En

[A M I R]

[h=2]Advanced Report Options

[h=3]Formatting Reports

One of the strengths of reports is that you can modify their appearance to make them look how you want. You

can add headers and footers to your report, apply new colors to the layout, and even add a logo. All of

these things can help you create visually appealing reports.





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[A M I R]

[h=2]Advanced Report Options

[h=4]Modifying Report Text
The bulk of the information in your report comes straight from the query or table you built it from, which

means you can't edit it within the report. However, you can change, add, or delete label text, headers, and

footers to make your report clearer and easier to read. For example, in our report, we decided that we didn't

need the field headings to understand our data, so we simply deleted them.




When working with text and text boxes in reports, you can use many of the text and shape formatting tools

you use in other Office programs to modify color, font, and more

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[A M I R]

[h=2]Advanced Report Options

[h=4]Modifying the Page Header and Footer

To view and modify the header and footer that appear on every page of your report, select the View

command on the Ribbon and switch to Design View. The header and footer are located in the white space beneath the Page Header and Page Footer bars.

Depending on your report's design, sometimes you may find that there is no white space in the page header

and footer, as in the image above. If this is the case, you must resize the header and footer before you can

add anything to them. Simply click and drag the bottom border of the header or footer to make it larger.

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[A M I R]

[h=2]Advanced Report Options

[h=4]To Add Text to a Header or Footer:

On the Ribbon, select the Design tab in the Report Design Tools group and locate the Controls group.


Select the Label command.

Place your cursor in the white space in your header or footer, and click and drag to create your label. Release the mouse when it is the desired size.

Place your cursor in the text box, click once, and type the desired text.

 

[A M I R]

[h=2]Advanced Report Options

[h=4]To Add the Date and Time to a Header or Footer:

On the Ribbon, select the Design tab in the Report Design Tools group and locate the Header/Footer group.

Select the Date and Time command.

The Date and Time dialog box will appear. Select the desired formatting options. A preview of

the text that will be included in your report will appear. When you are satisfied with the appearance of the date and time, click OK.

By default, the date and time appear in the header. If you would like to move them to the footer

instead, simply click the date and time boxes and drag them to the desired location.



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[A M I R]

[h=2]Advanced Report Options

[h=4]To Add Page Numbers to a Header or Footer:

On the Ribbon, select the Design tab in the Report Design Tools group and locate the Header/Footer group.
Select the Page Numbers command.

The Page Numbers dialog box will appear. Select the format of the page numbers.

• Select Page N to display the number of only the current page.
• Select Page N of M to display the number of the current page and the number of total pages.

Select whether to put your page numbers in the header or footer.
Click the drop-down arrow to select the alignment of the page numbers.

When you are satisfied with the settings, click OK.
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[A M I R]

[h=2]Advanced Report Options

[h=3]Enhancing Report Appearance [h=4]To Add a Logo:



On the Home tab of the Ribbon, click the View command and select Layout View from the drop-down list.

Select the Design tab and locate the Header/Footer group, then select the Logo command.

The Insert Picture dialog box will appear. Locate and select the desired image file and click OK to add it to your report.

A shrunken version of your image will appear in the header. Click and drag the image border to resize it.

If necessary, move your logo to the desired location by clicking and dragging it.

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[A M I R]

[h=2]Advanced Report Options

[h=4]Themes and Fonts
A theme is a set of colors and fonts that applies to the entire database to give it a consistent, professional

look. By default, databases use the Office theme. When you change the theme, all of the theme fonts and colors

in your database change to match the new theme. Designing and modifying reports using theme elements can

help you keep the appearance of your reports consistent.

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[A M I R]

[h=2]Advanced Report Options

[h=4]To Change the Theme:
Select the Design tab and locate the Themes group.

Click the Themes command.

A drop-down menu will appear. Hover the mouse over a theme to see a live preview of it.

Select the desired theme. The theme will be applied to your entire database.

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[A M I R]

[h=2]Advanced Report Options

[h=4]To Change the Theme Fonts:
Select the Design tab and locate the Themes group.
Click the Fonts command.

A drop-down menu will appear. Select a set of Theme Fonts.

The fonts will be applied to your entire database.

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[A M I R]

[h=2]Advanced Report Options

[h=3]Challenge!

If you haven't already, download our sample database and open it.


Open the December Orders report.


Add the Date and Time to the Header.


Add Page Numbers to the Footer.


Select the report title and edit it to say December Orders.


Choose a new theme and new theme fonts.


Add a logo. You can use an image from your computer or download our logo.



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[A M I R]

[h=2]Modifying Tables

[h=3]Introduction

After working with your database, you might find that you need to make some changes to the tables that store your data. Access

makes it easy to modify your tables to suit your database's needs.


In this lesson, you'll learn how to create and rearrange table fields. You'll also learn how to ensure that your table

data is correctly and consistently formatted by setting validation rules, character limits, and data types in your

fields. Finally, we will direct you to additional options for doing simple math functions within your tables.

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[A M I R]

[h=2]Modifying Tables

[h=3]Modifying Tables
In addition to making basic modifications to your tables, like adding and moving fields, you can also make

more advanced modifications that let you set rules for your data. All of these changes can help make your

tables even more useful.

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[A M I R]

[h=2]Modifying Tables

[h=4]Adding and Rearranging Fields
Access makes it easy to rearrange existing fields and add new ones. When you add a new field, you can even

set the data type, which dictates which type of data can be entered into that field.

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[A M I R]

[h=2]Modifying Tables

[h=4]To Add a New Field to an Existing Table:
Open the table, then click the header with the text Click to Add. If you already have many fields, you

may have to scroll all the way to the right to see this.

A drop-down menu will appear. Select the data type you'd like for the new field.

• Text: The default option, and best for text. You should also choose it for numbers you don't plan to do math with, like postal codes and phone numbers.
• Number: Best for numbers you might want to do calculations with, like quantities of an item ordered or sold.
• Currency: Automatically formats numbers in the currency used in your region.
• Date & Time: Allows you to choose a date from a pop-out calendar.
• Yes/No: Inserts a checkbox into your field.
• Memo: Ideal for large amounts of text, like product descriptions. You can format text entered in Memo fields.
• Attachment: Allows you to attach files, like images.
• Hyperlink: Creates a link out of web or email addresses.

Type a name for your field, then press the Enter key.

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[A M I R]

[h=2]Modifying Tables

[h=4]To Move a Field:

Locate the field you wish to move, then hover your mouse over the bottom border of the field header. Your cursor will become a four-sided arrow

.

Click and drag the field to its new location.

Release your cursor. The field will appear in the new location.

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[A M I R]

[h=2]Modifying Tables

[h=3]Advanced Field Options

On the last page, you learned about setting the data type for new fields. When you set field data type, you are

really setting a rule for that field. Databases often include rules, because they are a way of guaranteeing that

users enter the correct type of data.




Why is this important? Computers aren't as smart as humans about certain things. While you might recognize

that "two" and "2" or "NC" and "North Carolina" are the same thing, Access will not, and therefore won't group


these things together. Making sure to enter your data in a standard format will help you better organize, count, and understand it.


Rules can also determine what options you have for working with that data. For example, you can only do math with data entered in

number or currency fields, and you can only format text entered in memo fields.






There are three main types of rules you can set for a field: data type, character limit, and validation rules.

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[A M I R]

[h=2]Modifying Tables

[h=4]To Change the Data Type for Existing Fields:

Select the field whose data type you wish to change.

On the Ribbon, select the Fields tab and locate the Formatting group. Click the Data Type drop-down arrow.

Select the desired data type.

The field data type will be changed. Depending on the data type you chose, you may notice changes to your

information. For instance, since we set the data type for the Email field to Hyperlink, all of the email

addresses in the field are now clickable links.

You shouldn't change field data type unless you are certain your field data is in the correct format for the

new data type. Changing a field containing only text to the Number type, for instance, will delete all

of your field data. This process is often irreversible.

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[A M I R]

[h=2]Modifying Tables

[h=4]Field Character Limits




Setting the character limit for a field sets a rule about how many characters-- letters, numbers, punctuation, even

spaces-- can be entered in that field. This can be useful to keep the data in your records concise, or even to force the user to enter the data a certain way.




For instance, in the example below, the user is entering records which include addresses. If you set the character limit

in the "state" field as "2," the user can only enter 2 characters of information. This means that he must enter postal

abbreviations for the states instead of the full name-- here, NC instead of North Carolina. Note that you can only

set a character limit for fields defined as text.

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[A M I R]

[h=2]Modifying Tables

[h=4]To Set a Character Limit for a Field:
Select the desired field.

Click the Fields tab in the Table Tools tab group, then locate the Properties group.

In the box next to Field Size, type the maximum number of characters you would like to allow in your field.

Save your table.
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