Relative Words _ كلمات هم خانواده ( موضوعي )

[melika]

كلماتي كه از نظر موضوعي هم خانواده هستند در اين پست بررسي مي شه .
اميدوارم مفيد واقع شه​

 

[melika]

novel
THESAURUS
types of book
novel noun [ countable ] a book about imaginary people and events : The film is based on Nick Hornby’s best-selling novel. | a historical novel
fiction noun [ uncountable ] books that describe imaginary people and events : She reads a lot of romantic fiction.
literature noun [ uncountable ] novels and plays that are considered to be important works of art : I’m studying American literature at university.
non-fiction noun [ uncountable ] books that describe real people and events : Men tend to prefer non-fiction.
science fiction noun [ uncountable ] books about imaginary events in the future or space travel
reference book noun [ countable ] a book such as a dictionary or encyclopedia, which you look at to find information
textbook noun [ countable ] a book about a particular subject that you use in a classroom
set book British English , course book British English noun [ countable ] a book that you have to study as part of your course
guidebook noun [ countable ] a book telling visitors about a city or country
picture book noun [ countable ] a book for children with many pictures in it
hardcover/hardback noun [ countable ] a book that has a hard stiff cover
paperback noun [ countable ] a book that has a paper cover
biography noun [ countable ] a book about a real person’s life, written by another person
autobiography noun [ countable ] a book that someone has written about their own life
recipe book/cookery book British English ( also cookbook American English ) noun [ countable ] a book that tells you how to cook different meals
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[melika]

crime
THESAURUS
illegal actions
crime noun [ uncountable and countable ] an illegal action or activity, or these actions in general : The police need the public’s help to solve crimes. | Crime is on the increase. | It was a horrific crime.
offence British English , offense American English noun [ countable ] a crime, especially one that has a particular description and name in law : It is an offence to drive while using a mobile phone. | a minor offence (= one that is not serious ) | a serious offence | a parking offence
misdemeanor noun [ countable ] American English law a crime that is not very serious : They pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor and were fined.
felony noun [ uncountable and countable ] especially American English law a serious crime : Fewer than 25 percent of the people arrested on felony charges are convicted. | He committed a series of violent felonies.
crimes of stealing
robbery noun [ uncountable and countable ] the crime of stealing from a bank, shop etc : £100,000 was stolen in the robbery. | The gang carried out a string of daring robberies.
burglary noun [ uncountable and countable ] the crime of breaking into someone’s home in order to steal things : There have been several burglaries in our area.
theft noun [ uncountable and countable ] the crime of stealing something : Car theft is a big problem. | thefts of credit cards
shoplifting noun [ uncountable ] the crime of taking things from shops without paying for them : They get money for drugs from shoplifting.
fraud noun [ uncountable and countable ] the crime of getting money from people by tricking them : He’s been charged with tax fraud. | credit card fraud
larceny noun [ uncountable ] especially American English law the crime of stealing something : He was found guilty of larceny.
phishing noun [ uncountable ] the activity of tricking people into giving their personal details, bank numbers etc on the Internet, in order to steal money from them : One in four computer users reports that they have been hit by phishing attempts.
violent crimes
assault noun [ uncountable and countable ] the crime of physically attacking someone : He was arrested for an assault on a policeman.
mugging noun [ uncountable and countable ] the crime of attacking and robbing someone in a public place : Muggings usually happen at night.
murder noun [ uncountable and countable ] the crime of deliberately killing someone : He is accused of the murder of five women.
homicide noun [ uncountable and countable ] especially American English law murder : Homicide rates are rising fastest amongst 15 to19-year-olds.
rape noun [ uncountable and countable ] the crime of forcing someone to have *** : In most cases of rape, the victim knows her attacker.
crimes against property
arson noun [ uncountable ] the crime of deliberately setting fire to a building : The school was completely destroyed in an arson attack.
vandalism noun [ uncountable ] the crime of deliberately damaging things, especially public property : He often got into fights and committed acts of vandalism​

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[melika]

customer
THESAURUS
customer someone who buys goods or services from a shop or company : Customers were waiting for the shop to open. | The bank is one of our biggest customers.
client someone who pays for a service from a professional person or company : He has a meeting with one of his clients. | The company buys and sells shares on behalf of their clients
shopper someone who goes to the shops looking for things to buy : The streets were full of Christmas shoppers.
guest someone who pays to stay in a hotel : Guests must leave their rooms by 10 am.
patron / ˈpeɪtrən / formal a customer of a particular shop, restaurant or hotel – usually written on signs : The notice said ‘Parking for Patrons Only’.
patient someone who is getting medical treatment from a doctor, or in a hospital : He is a patient of Dr Williams.
consumer anyone who buys goods or uses services – used when considering these people as a group who have particular rights, needs, or behaviour : Consumers are demanding more environmentally-friendly products. | the rights of the consumer | The law is designed to protect consumers who buy goods on the Internet.
market the number of people who want to buy a product, or the type of people who want to buy it : The market for organic food is growing all the time. | a magazine aimed at the youth market ​

clientele / ˌkliːənˈtel $ ˌklaɪənˈtel, ˌkliː- / formal the type of customers that a particular shop, restaurant etc gets : The hotel has a very upmarket clientele. | They have a wealthy international clientele ​

 

[melika]

disaster
THESAURUS
disaster a sudden event such as an accident, or a natural event such as a flood or storm, which causes great damage or suffering : 200 people died in the train disaster. | The earthquake was the worst natural disaster to hit India for over 50 years.
catastrophe a terrible event in which there is a lot of destruction, damage, suffering, or death over a wide area of the world : A large comet hitting the earth would be a catastrophe. | We don’t want another nuclear catastrophe like Chernobyl. | Scientists say that the oil spill is an ecological catastrophe.
tragedy a very sad event, that shocks people because it involves death : It was a tragedy that he died so young. | the AIDS tragedy in Africa
debacle an event or situation that is a complete failure and is very embarrassing : The opening ceremony turned into a debacle. | The team is hoping to do better this game, after last week’s debacle against the Chicago Bears.
natural disasters
earthquake a sudden shaking of the earth’s surface that often causes a lot of damage : A powerful earthquake struck the Indonesian island of Sulawesi. | It was the biggest earthquake to hit the Pacific Northwest for 52 years.
flood a very large amount of water that covers an area that is usually dry : Bangladesh has been hit by a series of devastating floods (= very bad floods ) . | The crisis began with floods that covered one third of the countryside.
drought a long period of dry weather when there is not enough water for plants and animals to live : The country experienced its worst drought this century. | In East Africa, three years of drought have left 10 million people in urgent need of food and water.
famine a situation in which a large number of people have little or no food for a long time and many people die : Poor harvests led to famine. | 4,000,000 people are threatened by famine in northern Ethiopia.
hurricane a storm that has very strong fast winds and that moves over water – used about storms in the North Atlantic Ocean : extreme weather such as hurricanes | Hurricane Andrew left southern Florida in ruins.
typhoon a violent tropical storm – used about storms in the Western Pacific Ocean : A typhoon has hit the Philippines, lifting roofs off houses and uprooting trees.
tsunami a very large wave, caused by extreme conditions such as an earthquake, which can cause a lot of damage when it reaches land : Thousands of people were killed in the tsunami. | Many Pacific earthquakes have generated tsunamis​

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[melika]

fun
THESAURUS
fun noun [ uncountable ] especially spoken an experience or activity that is very enjoyable and exciting : The course was fun. | Have you ever been windsurfing? It’s really good fun. | I just want to relax and have some fun. | It’ll be fun seeing all my old friends again. | Running around a freezing hockey field isn’t my idea of fun.
enjoyment noun [ uncountable ] the feeling you get when you enjoy doing something : I get a lot of enjoyment out of working with young children.
pleasure noun [ countable ] an experience or activity that makes you feel happy and satisfied : The game was a pleasure to watch. | One of her greatest pleasures was walking in the mountains. | Ted enjoyed the simple pleasures of life: his family, his home, and his garden.
good/great time noun [ countable ] especially spoken a time when you enjoyed yourself : The kids all had a great time . | I remember the good times in Japan. | Were the 1960s really such great times?
a blast informal a very enjoyable experience – a very informal use : The trip was a blast!
entertainment noun [ uncountable ] things such as performances and films which are intended to be enjoyable : Three musicians provided the entertainment. | What do you do for entertainment around here? | They hired two dancers for entertainment.
relaxation noun [ uncountable ] a way of resting and enjoying yourself : I play the piano for relaxation. | Her work left little time for relaxation.
leisure noun [ uncountable ] the time when you are not working, when you can enjoy yourself – used especially in compounds : leisure activities | the leisure industry | People have more leisure time.
recreation noun [ uncountable and countable ] formal activities that you do to enjoy yourself : recreation facilities | The park is not just a place for recreation​

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[melika]

group
THESAURUS
of people
group several people together in the same place : A group of boys stood by the school gate. | Arrange yourselves in groups of three.
crowd a large group of people who have come to a place to do something : There were crowds of shoppers in the streets. | The crowd all cheered.
mob a large, noisy, and perhaps violent crowd : An angry mob of demonstrators approached.
mass a large group of people all close together in one place, so that they seem like a single thing : The square in front of the station was a solid mass of people.
bunch informal a group of people who are all similar in some way : They’re a nice bunch of kids.
gang a group of young people, especially a group that often causes trouble and fights : He was attacked by a gang of youths.
rabble a noisy group of people who are behaving badly : He was met by a rabble of noisy angry youths.
horde a very large group of people who all go somewhere : In summer hordes of tourists flock to the island. | There were hordes of people coming out of the subway.
crew a group of people who all work together, especially on a ship or plane : the ship’s crew | The flight crew will serve drinks shortly.
party a group of people who are travelling or working together : A party of tourists stood at the entrance to the temple.
of animals
herd a group of cows, deer, or elephants : A herd of cows was blocking the road.
team a group of people who work together : She is being cared for by a team of doctors.
flock a group of sheep or birds : a flock of seagulls | The farmer has over 100 sheep in his flock.
pack a group of dogs or wolves : Some dogs are bred to work in packs.
litter a group of kittens or puppies born at one time to a particular mother : He was one of a litter of seven puppies.
school/shoal a group of fish or dolphins : Piranha fish live in shoals in the wild.
of things
bunch a group of things held or tied together, especially flowers or keys : He handed me a bunch of daffodils.
bundle several papers, clothes, or sticks held or tied together in an untidy pile : Bundles of papers and files filled the shelves.
cluster a group of things of the same kind that are close together in a place : a cluster of stars | Our road ended at a cluster of cottages

 

[melika]

injury
THESAURUS
injury damage to part of your body caused by an accident or an attack : The passengers were taken to hospital with minor injuries.
wound an injury, especially a deep cut in your skin made by a knife, bullet, or bomb : He died of a gunshot wound to the head.
cut a small injury made when a sharp object cuts your skin : Blood was running from a cut on his chin.
bruise a dark mark on your skin that you get when you fall or get hit : Jack often comes home from playing rugby covered in bruises.
graze/scrape a small injury that marks your skin or breaks the surface slightly : She fell off her bike and got a few grazes on her legs and knees.
gash a long deep cut : He had a deep gash across his forehead.
bump an area of skin that is swollen because you have hit it against something : How did you get that bump on your head?
sprain an injury to your ankle , wrist , knee etc, caused by suddenly twisting it : It’s a slight sprain – you should rest your ankle for a week.
strain an injury to a muscle caused by stretching it or using it too much : a muscle strain in his neck
fracture a crack or broken part in a bone : a hip fracture ​

 

[melika]

job
THESAURUS
job noun [ countable ] the regular paid work that you do for an employer : a full-time job | John got a job in a car factory.
work noun [ uncountable ] activities that you are paid for doing – used either when you work for an employer or when you work in your own business : I started work when I was 18. | He graduated from college last year and is still looking for work.
profession noun [ countable ] a job for which you need special education and training : There are now a lot more women in the legal profession . | Many teachers are leaving the profession.
occupation noun [ countable ] formal a job, or a type of job – often used on official documents : Please give your name, age, and occupation. | a traditionally male occupation
career noun [ countable ] the work you do or plan to do for most of your life : I’m interested in a career in journalism.
position noun [ countable ] formal a particular job within an organization : I am writing to apply for the position of technical assistant. | We regret that the position has already been filled. | Please state the position which you are applying for.
post noun [ countable ] formal a job, especially an important one in a large organization : She has held the post of managing director for two years. | He applied for the post of Senior Manager.
vacancy/opening noun [ countable ] a job that is available for someone to do : The hospital has been unable to fill the vacancy . | There are very few openings in scientific research.
appointment noun [ countable ] an important job which someone is asked to do : He took an appointment as US trade ambassador in Geneva.
posting noun [ countable ] a situation in which someone is sent somewhere to do a job for a period of time by the organization they work for : This was his first posting outside the UK. | an overseas posting | His next posting took him to the Ministry of Defence.
trade noun [ countable ] a job that involves using your hands, and for which you need special training : Most of the men had worked in skilled trades such as carpentry and printing.
employment noun [ uncountable ] the fact of having a job : The factory will provide employment for local people. | She was offered employment in the sales office​

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[melika]

dialect
THESAURUS
different kinds of language
dialect a form of a language that is spoken in one area of a country, with different words, grammar, or pronunciation from other areas : Cantonese is only one of many Chinese dialects. | the local dialect
accent the way that someone pronounces words, because of where they were born or live, or their social class : Karen has a strong New Jersey accent. | an upper class accent
slang very informal spoken language, used especially by people who belong to a particular group, for example young people or criminals : Teenage slang changes all the time. | ‘Dosh’ is slang for ‘money’.
terminology formal the technical words or expressions that are used in a particular subject : musical terminology | Patients are often unfamiliar with medical terminology.
jargon especially disapproving words and phrases used in a particular profession or subject and which are difficult for other people to understand : The instructions were written in complicated technical jargon. | ‘Outsourcing’ is business jargon for sending work to people outside a company to do. | The letter was full of legal jargon.
techniques used in language
metaphor a way of describing something by referring to it as something different and suggesting that it has similar qualities to that thing : The beehive is a metaphor for human society.
simile an expression that describes something by comparing it with something else, using the words as or like , for example ‘as white as snow’ : The poet uses the simile ‘soft like clay’.
irony the use of words that are the opposite of what you really mean, often in order to be amusing : ‘I’m so happy to hear that,’ he said, with more than a trace of irony in his voice.
bathos a sudden change from a subject that is beautiful, moral, or serious to something that is ordinary, silly, or not important : The play is too sentimental and full of bathos.
hyperbole a way of describing something by saying that it is much bigger, smaller, worse etc than it actually is – used especially to excite people’s feelings : In his speeches, he used a lot of hyperbole. | journalistic hyperbole
alliteration the use of several words together that all begin with the same sound, in order to make a special effect, especially in poetry : the alliteration of the ‘s’ sound in ‘sweet birds sang softly’
imagery the use of words to describe ideas or actions in a way that makes the reader connect the ideas with pictures in their mind : the use of water imagery in Fitzgerald’s novel ‘The Great Gatsby’ | She uses the imagery of a bird’s song to represent eternal hope.
rhetorical question a question that you ask as a way of making a statement, without expecting an answer : When he said ‘how can these attitudes still exist in a civilized society?’, he was asking a rhetorical question

 

[melika]

light
THESAURUS
light something that produces light, especially electric light, to help you to see : She switched the kitchen light on. | The lights in the house were all off.
lamp an object that produces light by using electricity, oil, or gas - often used in names of lights : a bedside lamp | a street lamp | a desk lamp | a table lamp | an old oil lamp | a paraffin lamp
lantern a lamp that you can carry, consisting of a metal container with glass sides that surrounds a flame or light : The miners used lanterns which were lit by candles.
torch British English , flashlight American English a small electric lamp that you carry in your hand : We shone our torches around the cavern.
candle a stick of wax with a string through the middle, which you burn to give light : The restaurant was lit by candles.
bulb the glass part of an electric light, that the light shines from : a 100 watt bulb | an energy-saving light bulb
on a car
headlight ( also headlamp ) one of the two large lights at the front of a vehicle : It was getting dark so she switched the headlights on.
sidelight British English , parking light American English one of the two small lights next to the main lights, at the front and back of a car
tail light one of the two red lights at the back of a vehicle
indicator British English , turn signal American English one of the lights on a car that flash to show which way the car is turning ​

 

[melika]

mark
THESAURUS
a dirty mark
mark a dirty area on something that spoils its appearance : The bark of the tree had made black marks on her trousers.
spot a small mark on something : a grease spot on my shirt
stain a mark that is difficult to remove, especially one made by a dark liquid : a wine stain on the tablecloth | blood stains
smudge a mark that is made when something touches against a surface : There was a smudge of lipstick on his cheek. | He had a smudge of chalk on his jacket.
smear a mark that is made by a small amount of something spread across a surface : The table had a smear of paint on the top.
fingerprint ( also fingermark British English ) a mark on the surface of something that is made by someone’s fingers : The glass was covered with greasy fingerprints.
a mark on your skin
blemish a mark on your skin that spoils its appearance : John grew a beard to hide the blemishes on his chin.
mole a small dark, sometimes raised, mark on your skin : Some moles may become cancerous. | Helena found a mole on her arm which had definitely not been there before.
freckles small light brown marks on your skin, especially on your face but also on your arms, shoulders etc : She had a light sprinkling of freckles across her nose.
birthmark a permanent mark on your skin that you have had since you were born : There was a small birthmark on her left cheek.
bruise a purple or brown mark on your skin that you get because you have fallen or been hit : Her legs were covered in cuts and bruises.
scar a permanent mark on your skin, caused by a cut or by something that burns you : The injury left a small scar on his forehead.
pimple/zit ( also spot British English ) a small raised red mark or lump on your skin, which usually appears when a child is between 12 and 18 years old : When I was a teenager I had terrible spots. | The boy had a few pimples under his chin.
wart a small hard raised mark on your skin caused by a virus : His face was covered in hairy warts.
blister a small area of skin that is swollen and full of liquid because it has been rubbed or burned : There was a blister on his arm where the boiling milk had splashed him.
rash an area of small red spots on your skin, caused by an illness or an allergy : I can’t eat strawberries - they give me a rash

 

[melika]

married
THESAURUS
married having a husband or wife : How long have you been married? | a married couple
single not married : Chris is 45 and still single. | single mothers
engaged having formally agreed to marry someone in the future : Jane and Pete have just got engaged . | engaged couples
live together to share a home and have a ***ual relationship, but not be married : More and more couples are choosing to live together rather than get married.
separated no longer living with your husband or wife because of problems in your marriage : I think Joan and Brian are separated now.
divorced no longer married because you have legally ended your marriage : My parents got divorced when I was 10. | divorced men
widowed no longer married because your husband or wife has died : He’s a widowed father of two.
husband/wife etc
husband/wife the man/woman you are married to : My wife’s a teacher.
partner the person you live with and have a ***ual relationship with. Partner is often used when people are not married, or when you do not know if they are married. It is also used when talking about same-*** couples : He lives with his partner Ruth and their eight-month-old son.
fiancé/fiancée the man/woman you are engaged to : He and fiancée Wendy Hodgson will marry in July.
divorcee a woman who is divorced : The Prince announced his intention to marry Mrs Wallis Simpson, an American divorcee.
widow/widower a woman or man whose husband or wife has died : Imelda Marcos, the widow of the former President
spouse formal your spouse is your husband or wife : The rule applies to spouses and children of military personnel.
estranged wife/husband formal someone’s estranged husband or wife is one who they do not live with anymore : She is trying to get her sons back from her estranged husband.
someone who is not married
bachelor a man who has never been married : He’s a confirmed bachelor (= a man who has decided he will never marry ) .
spinster old-fashioned a woman who has never been married and is no longer young : The house was owned by an elderly spinster

 

[melika]

meeting
THESAURUS
meeting an occasion when people meet in order to discuss something : a business meeting. | Mr Bell is in a meeting. | The committee will hold another meeting Wednesday.
conference an organized event, especially one that continues for several days, at which a lot of people meet to discuss a particular subject and hear speeches about it : Didn’t you give a talk at the conference last year? | a conference of women business leaders
convention a large formal meeting of people who belong to a political party, or to an organization of people with the same interests : the Democratic Party Convention | a convention for Star Trek fans
rally a large public meeting, especially one that is held outdoors to support or protest about something : There was a massive peace rally in London.
summit a meeting between government leaders from important and powerful countries, to discuss important matters : A summit meeting of OPEC leaders was called to find a solution to the oil crisis. | next week’s economic summit
caucus American English a local meeting of the members of a political party to choose people to represent them at a larger meeting, or to choose a candidate in an election : Obama won the Iowa caucus in 2007.
teleconference/video conference a business meeting in which people in different places talk to each other using telephones or video equipment : The chairman held teleconferences with his senior managers.
gathering/get-together a situation in which a group of people come together to meet, talk, and have drinks with each other, especially friends or family : We held a small family get-together to celebrate her birthday. | She arranged social gatherings in Kettering for young people on Saturday evenings.
date an arrangement to meet someone who you are having, or hoping to have, a romantic relationship with : I think I might ask her out on a date.
rendezvous a meeting where two people have arranged to meet at a particular time or place, often secretly : She arranged a rendezvous with him in the hotel bar.
tryst literary a secret meeting between people who are having a romantic relationship : a good place for a moonlight tryst ​

 

[melika]

mixture
THESAURUS
mixture several different substances, ideas, qualities etc that have been put together, especially so that they form one thing : Pour the mixture into the cake pan and bake for 50 minutes. | He looked at her with a mixture of admiration and curiosity.
combination two or more different things, substances etc that are used together or work together : Doctors use a combination of drugs to combat the disease. | The business failed due to a combination of bad management and a lack of experience.
blend a mixture of two or more things, qualities, or characteristics, especially ones that combine successfully or in a pleasant way : The England team is a good side, with a nice blend of experience and youthful energy. | The sauce uses a blend of different ingredients.
a cross between something and something a mixture of very different things – used when you are describing what something looks or sounds like : The building looked like a cross between a museum and a spaceship. | Her music sounds like a cross between the Rolling Stones and Amy Winehouse.
hybrid / ˈhaɪbrəd, ˈhaɪbrɪd / something that is produced by combining two or more things, especially using advanced scientific methods : Scientists are combining human and animal embryos to create genetic hybrids. | These industries use a hybrid of different technologies. | The plant is a hybrid of wheat and rye.
amalgam / əˈmælɡəm / formal a mixture of different things, in which you can still recognize the original features : The record is an amalgam of hard rock, jazz, and blues.
synthesis formal something that has been made by combining different things, especially information or ideas : The essay should be a synthesis of the information from various sources.
an untidy mixture
jumble a lot of different things mixed together in an untidy way : Rae looked through the jumble of old record albums and tapes.
mishmash /hodgepodge informal a mixture of a lot of different things, styles etc that do not seem right together : If you look closely at the individual buildings they are a real hodgepodge of styles. | The story is a bit of a mishmash.
a mxture of chemical substances
compound a chemical substance that contains atoms of two or more element s : common chemical compounds such as sodium chloride
solution a liquid mixed with a solid or a gas : a weak sugar solution ​

 

[melika]

newspaper
THESAURUS
newspaper : The New York Times is a popular daily newspaper.
paper a newspaper. Paper is more common than newspaper in everyday English : There was an interesting article in the local paper today. | the Sunday papers
the press newspapers and news magazines in general, and the people who write for them : the freedom of the press | The press are always interested in stories about the royal family.
the media newspapers, magazines, television, radio, and the Internet, considered as a group that provides news and information : This issue has received a lot of attention in the media. | Her public image was shaped by the media.
tabloid a newspaper that has small pages, a lot of photographs, short stories, and not much serious news : The tabloids are full of stories about her and her boyfriend.
broadsheet British English a serious newspaper printed on large sheets of paper, with news about politics, finance, and foreign affairs : the quality broadsheets
the nationals the newspapers that give news about the whole country where they are printed, in contrast to local newspapers : The results of the nationwide survey became headlines in the nationals.
the dailies the daily newspapers : The dailies reported the story.
parts of a newspaper
article a piece of writing in a newspaper about a particular subject : an article on the education reforms
report a piece of writing in a newspaper about an event : newspaper reports on the war
story a report in a newspaper about an event, especially one that is not very serious or reliable : You can’t always believe what you read in newspaper stories.
a headline the title of an important newspaper article, printed in large letters above the article. The headlines are the titles of the most important stories on the front page : The singer’s drug problem has been constantly in the headlines.
front page the page on the front of a newspaper which has the most important news stories : The story was all over the front page.
section/pages the pages in a newspaper dealing with a particular area of news such as sports, business, or entertainment : the financial pages of The Times | the arts section
editorial the page of a newspaper on which the editor of a newspaper and other people express their opinions about the news, rather than just giving facts : an editorial on the vaccination programme
column an article on a particular subject or by a particular writer that appears regularly : his weekly column on gardening ​

 

[melika]

picture
THESAURUS
picture shapes, lines etc painted or drawn on a surface, especially as a piece of art, and often showing what someone or something looks like : a picture of a horse | He painted the picture in 1890, just before he died.
drawing a picture drawn with a pencil, pen etc : We had to do a drawing of a sunflower.
sketch a picture that is drawn quickly : I made a quick sketch of the kind of room we wanted.
painting a picture made using paint : The painting now hangs in the Museum of Modern Art. | Picasso did several paintings of her.
portrait a picture of a person : The portrait was painted by Rembrandt.
landscape a picture of a place, especially in the countryside or the mountains : Constable painted mainly landscapes.
cartoon a funny drawing in a newspaper or magazine that tells a story or a joke : A cartoon in the New York Times showed the President talking to Osama Bin Laden.
comic strip a series of pictures drawn inside boxes that tell a story : Charles Schultz was famous for his cartoon strip about Snoopy and Charlie Brown.
caricature a funny drawing of someone that makes a part of someone’s face or body look bigger, worse etc than it really is, especially in a funny way : He is famous for his caricatures of politicans.
illustration a picture in a book : The book has over 100 pages of illustrations, most of them in colour.
poster a large picture printed on paper that you stick to a wall as decoration : old movie posters | There were lots of posters of pop bands on her bedroom wall.
print a picture that is usually produced on a printing press , and is one of a series of copies of the same picture : a limited edition of lithographic prints by John Lennon
image a picture – used especially when talking about what the picture is like, or the effect it has on you : He produced some memorable images. | a beautiful image | Some of the images are deeply disturbing.
artwork pictures or photographs, especially ones that have been produced to be used in a book or magazine : We are still waiting for the artwork to come back from the printers​

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[melika]

poem
THESAURUS
a poem
poem a piece of writing that expresses emotions, experiences, and ideas, especially in short lines using words that rhyme : ‘I wandered lonely as a cloud’ is the first line of a famous poem by WIlliam Wordsworth.
sonnet a poem with 14 lines which rhyme with each other in a fixed pattern : Shakespeare’s sonnets
haiku a type of Japanese poem with three lines consisting of five, seven, and five syllables : a haiku by Matsuo Basho about a frog jumping into a pond
limerick a short humorous poem that has five lines which rhyme : a limerick by Edward Lear, which began ‘There was a young lady of Norway, Who casually sat in a doorway’.
rhyme a short poem or song, especially for children, using words that rhyme : a collection of traditional rhymes with illustrations | The children were reciting a rhyme. | a nursery rhyme (= a short traditional poem or song for children )
poems
poetry poems in general, or the art of writing them : He reads a lot of poetry. | She wrote poetry and children’s stories. | a poetry book
verse words arranged in the form of poetry : a book of comic verse
anthology a set of poems by different people collected together in one book : an anthology of Caribbean poetry
parts of a poem
verse a group of words or sentences that form one part of a poem : The poem has three verses. | the final verse
stanza a group of lines in a repeated pattern, which form part of a poem : the opening stanza of Keats’ poem ‘Ode to a Nightingale’ ​

 

[melika]

punctuation mark
THESAURUS
types of punctuation mark
apostrophe the sign ' that is used to show that one or more letters or numbers have been left out, as in don’t , or used before ‘s’ to show that something belongs to someone or something, as in Mark’s dog
brackets British English , parentheses AmE and BrE formal a pair of signs used for enclosing information that interrupts a sentence
colon the sign : that is used to introduce an explanation, example, quotation etc
semicolon the sign ; that is used to separate words in a list, or different parts of a sentence that can be understood separately
comma the sign , that is used to separate things in a list, or between two clauses in a sentence
hyphen the sign – that is used to join words or syllables
dash the sign — that is used to separate two closely related parts of a sentence, especially in more informal English
full stop British English , period American English the sign . that is used to mark the end of a sentence or the short form of a word
exclamation mark British English , exclamation point American English the sign ! that is used after a sentence or word that expresses surprise, anger, or excitement
question mark the sign ? that is used at the end of a question
quotation marks ( also inverted commas British English ) a pair of signs ‘ and ’ that are put around words, especially to show that you are quoting what someone has said
other marks used in writing
angle brackets British English a pair of signs <> used for enclosing information
slash a line / that is used to separate words, numbers, or letters
backslash a line \ that is used to separate words, numbers, or letters
asterisk the sign * that is used especially to mark something interesting or important
at sign the sign @ that is used especially in email addresses
ampersand the sign & that means ‘and’ ​

 

[melika]

record
THESAURUS
record information about something that is written down : your medical records | the public records office | I have to keep a record of all my spending when I’m travelling on business.
file a set of written records, or information stored on a computer under a particular name : He began reading the file on the case. | I think I may have accidentally deleted the file.
accounts ( also books informal ) an exact record of the money that a company has received and spent : Companies are required by law to publish their annual accounts. | Someone had been falsifying the accounts. | The company’s books all seemed to be in order.
ledger one of the official books in which a company’s financial records are kept, which show how much it has received and spent : The costs have been moved from one column of the ledger to another.
minutes an official written record of what is said and decided at a meeting : Both points are mentioned in the minutes of the last meeting on August 3rd.
diary a book in which you regularly write down the things that have happened to you : In his diary he wrote, ‘It s lovely having him here, we’ve had so many cosy talks.’ | I’ll just check in my diary to see if I’m free.
blog a web page on the Internet on which someone regularly writes about their life, opinions, or a particular subject : I may not always agree with David, but I always read his blog.
register an official list of names of people, organizations etc : Guests must sign the hotel register. | the national register of births, deaths, and marriages | Lloyds Register of Shipping
roll an official list of names, especially of people who are allowed to do something such as vote or be in a class at school : the electoral roll (= list of people who can vote in an area ) | The teacher called the roll (= read out the list of the names of the students, who then have to say if they are present ) .
log an official record that is kept on a ship or plane : Mr Appleby said he complained to a senior officer, who made a note in the ship’s log